There are many reasons that may make your milk rejected by consumers.To avoid your milk being discarded it is good to practice clean milk production as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clean milk\nproduction depends on the following factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Healthy and clean animals<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The cow\nmust be healthy; free from diseases like brucellosis, tuberculosis, and\nmastitis among others and be physically clean by regular grooming such as hair\nclipping and washing before milking process commences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Milk containers<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\ncontainers include milk churns, bottles, metallic cans, – must be thoroughly\ncleaned with soap and warm water.  This\nis a practice many small-scale farmers often overlook and so are milk vendors.\nMilk should also not be put in these containers immediately it has been drawn\nfrom the cow. This is because bacteria multiply more rapidly under warm\nconditions. Milk is usually warm when it leaves the udder (38.3\u00baC-38.9\u00baC). Thus\nit forms an excellent breeding ground for bacteria. The utensils thus should be\nkept clean and sterile as much as possible by using detergents and\ndisinfectants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Milking sheds <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\nlocation of materials used in construction of milking sheds will determine\nwhether milk will be clean or not. If it\u2019s built in a location where drainage\nis poor, cleaning will be a problem hence unclean milk. If the shed has a\nroofing material that enhances leaking especially during rainy season then milk\nproduced will not be clean. The bedding materials also used adjacent to the\nmilking shed will also determine the cleanliness of milk. Therefore the milking\nshed should be located where drainage is possible. Good roofing materials that\ndiscourage leaking should be used. Bedding materials that are not easily blown by\nwind should be used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

     Personnel handling the milk<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The people\nhandling milk at farm level determine cleanliness of milk. First, the person\nwho does the actual milking process must be scrupulously clean. His hands must\nbe washed, clothes he is wearing must be clean and so is his entire body. The\nnext person to be considered is the one transporting milk to the market. He\nshould be clean. The cleanliness of these people, including the herdsman will\nensure that milk at farm level is clean. The personnel should be encouraged to\nwear white overalls so that any dirt is detected early.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

       Fly control  <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is\none of the major precautions a small-scale farmer is encouraged to carry out.\nIn most cases the farm yard manure and the slurry obtained especially where zero\ngrazing unit exists encourage fly breeding. Another factor that encourages fly\nbreeding is the type of pit latrines used in many homes. Dumping of decaying\nmatter near the cattle shed will encourage fly breeding. The flies will thus\ncome into contact with milk, thus making it unclean. To avoid this, the farmer\nmust ensure that the disposal of manure and slurry is well done, at least far\naway from cattle shed as well as dumping decaying materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proper use of drugs and\nchemicals<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Several\nsmall-scale farmers really do not have the idea about the mechanism of actions\nand the subsequent repercussions of the drugs they use on their animals. Drugs\nlike antibiotics, dewormers, milking salves, acaricides, and insecticides etc.\nhave been wrongly used. The producers treat their animals with these drugs but\nnever wait for the recommended withholding\nperiod<\/em> before they sell milk, which is contaminated with these drugs.\nOthers apply milking salves during milking process and these salves end up into\nthe milk. Such kind of milk is contaminated and therefore it is unclean.\nProducers should be enlightened about the residue effect of these chemicals.\nThis will make them aware of the dangers involved. This will finally reduce the\nrate of contamination of milk hence clean milk for consumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flavours in milk<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bad\nflavours in milk make it unclean, as the consumer will reject it. The flavours\nare caused by feedstuff oxidation as well as tainting weeds. Materials like\nsilage, pineapple fruit waste, onions and weeds like Tagetes minuta<\/em> cause unpalatable flavours. Thus such feeds should\nbe fed to cows after milking and not just before and during milking. Weeds\ncausing milk taint should be avoided all together. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milk\nexposed to the sun for a long time has its fats oxidized. Also if milk is put\nin containers which have traces of iron or copper it will have bad flavours.\nThus, milk should be protected from sunlight and trace elements of iron or\ncopper by using utensils free of these elements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milk adulteration<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Addition of\nwater, milk powder, cream, flavours, chemicals etc. into the milk<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It has\nbeen observed that several small-scale farmers actually add water to increase\nthe volume. This is aimed at getting a bigger profit margin. However, the\ncleanliness of the water used is questionable. If the water is not clean, as is\nin most cases, then the milk is contaminated and it is not clean. Therefore\nfarmers should be strictly advised not to put water into milk for sale and home\nconsumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Close proximity of other livestock\nhouses to milking sheds<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This has\nbeen a reason for poor and unclean milk production by small-scale producers. In\na situation where a pigs, goat or sheep or poultry unit are close to the dairy\nsheds, then the chances of milk contamination are very high. Therefore\nproducers should be advised to establish dairy sheds in a separate location\nfrom other livestock houses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prompt cooling and\nstorage of milk<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milk should be cooled to 4-10\u00baC as\nquickly as possible to reduce microbial growth and spoilage. Thus, cooling is\nnecessary. In case of small-scale farmers the local charcoal cooler should be\neffectively used. Milk souring bacteria have growth rate slower at about 10\u00baC\nthan 30\u00baC optimum temperatures. The organisms at 10\u00baC may take 12 hours to\ndouble while at 30\u00baC they will double about 20 times<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There are many reasons that may make your milk rejected by consumers.To avoid your milk being discarded it is good to practice clean milk production as follows. Clean milk production depends on the following factors:         Healthy and clean animals The cow must be healthy; free from diseases like brucellosis, tuberculosis, and mastitis among others …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,13],"tags":[23,24,55],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=210"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":213,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210\/revisions\/213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vetanimalhealthcare.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}